PMY students only Applies principles of pharmacology and toxicology in a lab course, which includes in vivo and in vitro techniques, including: assessing the duration of drug action in a rat model, preparing subcellular fractions of liver, quantifying total protein, cytochrome P450 (CYP) protein content and activity, CYP2B1/2 protein and mRNA, biochemical and morphological assessment of liver injury, training in the proper care and use of lab animals and radiation safety. The course will provide the students with basic laboratory techniques commonly utilized in research and experience with writing two detailed lab reports which follow the format used in scientific journals.